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Testing is the process of evaluating a system or its component(s) with the intent to find whether it satisfies the specified requirements or not.

Testing is executing a system in order to identify any gaps, errors, or missing requirements in contrary to the actual requirements.

This tutorial will give you a basic understanding on software testing, its types, methods, levels, and other related terminologies.

Prerequisites

Before proceeding with this tutorial, you should have a basic understanding of the software development life cycle (SDLC). In addition, you should have a basic understanding of software programming using any programming language.

 

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Software Testing is evaluation of the software against requirements gathered from users and system specifications. Testing is conducted at the phase level in software development life cycle or at module level in program code. Software testing comprises of Validation and Verification.

Software Validation

Validation is process of examining whether or not the software satisfies the user requirements. It is carried out at the end of the SDLC. If the software matches requirements for which it was made, it is validated.

  • Validation ensures the product under development is as per the user requirements.
  • Validation answers the question – “Are we developing the product which attempts all that user needs from this software ?”.
  • Validation emphasizes on user requirements.

Software Verification

Verification is the process of confirming if the software is meeting the business requirements, and is developed adhering to the proper specifications and methodologies.

  • Verification ensures the product being developed is according to design specifications.
  • Verification answers the question– “Are we developing this product by firmly following all design specifications ?”
  • Verifications concentrates on the design and system specifications.

Target of the test are –

  • Errors – These are actual coding mistakes made by developers. In addition, there is a difference in output of software and desired output, is considered as an error.
  • Fault – When error exists fault occurs. A fault, also known as a bug, is a result of an error which can cause system to fail.
  • Failure – failure is said to be the inability of the system to perform the desired task. Failure occurs when fault exists in the system.